Publications
Learning classical readout quantum PUFs based on single-qubit gates
| Author | Pirnay, Niklas; Pappa, Anna; Seifert, Jean-Pierre |
|---|---|
| Date | 2022 |
| Type | Journal Article |
| Abstract | Physical unclonable functions (PUFs) have been proposed as a way to identify and authenticate electronic devices. Recently, several ideas have been presented to that aim to achieve the same for quantum devices. Some of these constructions apply single-qubit gates in order to provide a secure fingerprint of the quantum device. In this work, we formalize the class of classical readout quantum PUFs (CR-QPUFs) using the statistical query (SQ) model and explicitly show insufficient security for CR-QPUFs based on single-qubit rotation gates, when the adversary has SQ access to the CR-QPUF. We demonstrate how a malicious party can learn the CR-QPUF characteristics and forge the signature of a quantum device through a modelling attack using a simple regression of low-degree polynomials. The proposed modelling attack was successfully implemented in a real-world scenario on real IBM Q quantum machines. We thoroughly discuss the prospects and problems of CR-QPUFs where quantum device imperfections are used as a secure fingerprint. |
| ISSN | 2524-4906 |
| Project | Informationsverarbeitung und Sicherheit für kommende Quantenkommunikationsnetzwerke |
| Url | https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/418862 |
